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One of the most famous historical lists of games is that found in Chaper 22 of François Rabelais’ Gargantua, first published in 1534. In the original French the list contained 216 games, but in each translation the games that are named were changed and often expanded upon. Many of the games are either invented by Rabelais, or are games for which we no longer know the rules.
An in-depth examination of the games in the list lies below the table. 🚧 This article, more than most, is a work-in-progress. 🚧
The first five columns give the lists from five different French editions; the remaining columns are from translations into English.
The lists of Nicolaas Jarichides Wieringa (Dutch, 1682) and Johann Fischarts (German, 1590) are given beneath the table as they diverge significantly.
🚧 Note that the entries in the Screech column are out of sync with the others and I haven’t had time to match them up yet. 🚧
⚠️ This table is very wide and might scroll horizontally. My notes are at the far right.
ed. François Juste (1534)A[c. XX] |
ed. François Juste (1535)B[c. XX] |
ed. Etienne Dolet (1542)C[p. 96] |
ed. François Juste (1542)D[f. 56v] |
ed. Louis Moland (1884)E[p. 42] |
tr. Urquhart (1653)F[p. 62] |
tr. Smith (1893)G[p. 79] |
tr. Cohen (1975)H[p. 83] |
tr. Frame (1991)I |
tr. Brown (2003)J[p. 53] |
tr. Screech (2006)K[p. 271] |
my notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
au fleux | au flux | au flux | au flux | au flux | at flusse | flusse | flushes | flush | flush | flush | (card term, see below) |
a la pꝛime | a la pꝛime | a la prime | a la pꝛime | a la prime | at primero | primero | primero | primiera | primiera | primero | (card term, see below) |
a la vole | a la vole | a la uole | a la vole | a la vole | at the beast | palm | grand slam | grand slam | grand slam | trumps | (card term, see below) |
a le pille | a le pille | a la pille | a la pille | a la pille | at the rifle | robber | little slam | robber | robber | heads-or-tails | |
a la triumphe | a la triumphe | a la triumphe | a la triumphe | a la triomphe | at trump | triumph | trumps | trump | trumps | triumphs | |
a la picardie | a la picardie | a la picardie | a la picardie | a la picardie | at the prick and spare not | prick and spare not | prick and spare not | prick and spare not | prick and spare not | Picardy spades | |
au cēt | au cent | au cent | au cent | au cent | at the hundred | the hundred | hundred-up | one hundred | one hundred | discard | |
a leſpinay | a leſpinay | a l’eſpinay | a leſpinay | a l’espinay | at the peenie | the spinet | penny-points | the spinet | the spinet | spinets | |
— | — | — | a la malheureuſe | a la malheureusse | at the unfortunate woman | poor moll | old maid | poor moll | old maid | poor little girl | |
— | — | — | au fourby | au fourby | at the fib | the fib | cheat | the fib | cheat | sneak | |
— | — | — | a paſſe dix | a passe dix | at the passe ten | pass ten | ten-and-pass | pass ten | ten-and-pass | first-to-get-ten | (see Passage) |
a trēt ⁊ un | a trēt ⁊ vn | a trente, & ung | a trent ⁊ vng | a trente et un | at one and thirtie | trente et quarante | thirty-one | trente et un | trente-et-un | one-and-thirty | |
— | a pair ⁊ ſequēce | a pair, & ſequence | a pair ⁊ ſequence | a pair et sequence | at post and paire, or even and sequence | pair and sequence | pair and sequence | pair and sequence | fair and straight | post and pair | |
— | a troys cens | a troys cents | a troys cens | a trois cens | at three hundred | three hundred | three-hundred | three hundred | three hundred | three hundred points wins | |
— | au malheureux | au malheureux | au malheureux | au malheureux | at the unluckie man | beggar my neighbour | beggar-my-neighbour | beggar my neighbour | beggar my neighbour | wretches | |
a la cōdemnade | a la condemnade | a la condemnade | a la condemnade | a la condemnade | at the last couple in hell | odd man out | odd man out | odd man out | odd man out | la condemnata | |
a la carte virade | a la carte virade | a la charte uirade | a la charte virade | a la charte virade | at the hock | the turned card | turn the card | the turned card | turn the card | guess-the-card | |
au moucōtēt | au moucōtent | au malcontent | au maucontent | au malcontent | at the surlie | take miss ... hère | poor Jack | take miss | poor Jack | the malcontent | |
— | — | — | au lanſquenet | au lansquenet | at the lanskenet | lansquenet | lansquenet | lansquenet | lansquenet | lansquenets’ gamble | |
au cocu | au cocu | au coqu | au cocu | au cocu | at the cukoe | cuckow | cuckold | cuckow | cuckold | the cuckold | |
a q̄ a ſi parle | a qui a ſi parle | a qui a, ſi parle | a qui a ſi parle | a qui a si parle | at puffe, or let him speak that hath it | let him speak that hath it | next man speak | let him speak that hath it | next man speak | ‘let him speak that hath it’ | |
a pille, nade, iocque, fore | a pille/nade/iocque/foꝛe | a pille, nade, iocque, fore | a pille, nade, iocque, foꝛe | a pille, nade, jocque, fore | at take nothing and throw out | teetotum | teetotum | teetotum | teetotum | one, two, buckle my shoe | |
a mariage | a mariage | a mariage | a mariaige | a mariaige | at the marriage | marriage | marriage | marriage | marriage | matrimony | |
au gay | au gay | au gay | au gay | au gay | at the frolick or jack daw | I have it | pair-royal | I have it | got it | I’ve got it | |
a lopinion | a lopinion | a l’opinion | a lopinion | a l’opinion | at the opinion | opinion | opinion | opinion | opinion | opinions | |
a q̄ faict lun faict lautre | a q̄ faict lun faict laultre | a qui faict l’ung faict l’auitre | a qui faict lung faict laultre | a qui faict l’un faict l’auitre | at who doth the one, doth the other | who doth one doth the other | follow-my-leader | who does one thing does the other | follow-my-leader | ‘who doth one does t’other’ | |
a la ſequēce | a la ſequence | a la ſequence | a la ſequence | a la sequence | at the sequences | sequences | sequences | sequences | sequences | sequences | |
aux luettes | au luettes | au luettes | au luettes | aux luettes | at the ivory bundles | cockall | sheep and wolves | cockall | cockall | mimic-the-card | |
au tarau | au tarau | au tarau | au tarau | au tarau | at the tarots | taroc | tarot | tarots | tarots | Spanish tarot | |
a qui gaigne perd | a coquinbert qui gaigne perd | a coquimbert, qui gaigne perd | a coquinbert qui gaigne perd | a coquinbert, qui gaigne perd | at losing load him | loser wins | the loser wins | losing lodam | loser wins | the winner loses | |
au beline | au beliné | au beline | au beline | au beliné | at he’s gulled and esto | gulls | gulls | gulls | snap | be diddled | |
— | au toꝛment | au tourment | au toꝛment | au torment | at the torture | torture | torture | torture | torture | tortures | |
a la ronfle | a la rōfle | a la ronfle | a la ronfle | a la ronfle | at the handruff | snorer | snorer | snorer | snorer | snore | |
an glic | an glic | au glic | au glic | au glic | at the click | gleek | hazard | gleek | rummy | click | (probably Gleek) |
aux hōneurs | aux hōneurs | aux honneurs | aux honneurs | aux honneurs | at honours | honours | honours | honors | honours | honours | (a card term or game) |
a lamourre | a la mourre | a la morre | a la mourre | a la mourre | at love | morra | morra | morra | morra | the morra | (see Morra) |
aux eſchetz | aux eſchetz | aux eſchetz | aux eſchetz | aux eschetz | at the chesse | chess | chess | chess | chess | chess | (see Chess) |
au renard | au renard | au renard | au renard | au renard | at Reynold the fox | fox and geese | fox and geese | fox and geese | fox and geese | the fox | |
aux marrelles | au marrelles | aux marrelles | aux marelles | aux marelles | at the squares | morris | squares | the men’s morris | the men’s morris | ludo | (see Nine Men’s Morris) |
aux vaſches | au vaſches | aux uaſches | au vaſches | aux vaches | at the cowes | pick-a-back | pick-a-back | black and white | pick-a-back | cows | |
a la blanche | a la blanche | a la blanche | a la blanche | a la blanche | at the lottery | blank draw | blanks | raffles | raffles | whites | (a lottery game, similar to tombola) |
a la chāce | a la chāce | a la chance | a la chance | a la chance | at the chance or mumchance | mumchance | speculation | mumchance | speculation | chance | (probably a dice game) |
a troys dez | a troys dez | a troys detz | a trois dez | a trois dés | at three dice or maniest bleaks | three dice | three dice | three dice | three dice | triple-dice | |
aux tables | au talles | aux tables | au tables | aux tables | at the tables | draughts | tables | tables | knucklebones | knuckle-bones | (tables) |
a la nicnocque | a la nicnocq̄ | a la nicnocque | a la nicnocque | a la nicque nocque | at the nivinivinack | nick-nock | nick-nock | nick nock | nick-nock | nick-knack | (a tables game) |
a lourche | au lourche | au lourche | au lourche | au lourche | at the lurch | lurch | lurch | lurch | lurch | lurch | (a tables game) |
a la renette | a la renette | a la renette | a la renette | a la renette | at doublets or queens-game | queen’s game | queen’s game | queen’s game | queen’s game | little queen | (a tables game) |
au barignin | au barignin | au barignin | au barignin | au barignin | at the failie | sbaraligno | sbaraligno | sbaraligno | sbaraligno | sbaraligno | (a tables game) |
au trictrac | au trictrac | au trictrac | au trictrac | au trictrac | at the French tictac | backgammon | backgammon | backgammon | backgammon | tric-trac | (a tables game) |
a toutes tabies | a toutes tables | a toutes tables | a toutes tables | a toutes tables | at the long tables or ferkeering | long tables | long tables | all tables | — | tables all | (a tables game) |
aux tables rabatues | au tables rabatues | aux tables rabatues | au tables rabatues | aux tables rabatues | at feldown | fell down | fall-down | fell down | all fall down | dice-and-domino tables | (a tables game) |
au reniguebleu | au reniguebieu | au reniguebieu | au reniguebieu | au reniguebieu | at Tods body | hang it all | s’welp me God | copsbody | dogsbody | ‘I deny gosh’ | (soldier’s expletive, a dice game) |
au foꝛce | au foꝛcé | au forçat | au foꝛce | au forcé | at needs must | needs must | needs must | needs must | needs must | huff | (i.e. the game of draughts with forced capture) |
aux dames | au dames | aux dames | au dames | aux dames | at the dames or draughts | draughts | draughts | draughts | draughts | draughts | (draughts) |
a la babou | a la babou | a la babou | a la babou | a la babou | at bob and mow | mop and mow | sucks-to-you | mop and mow | mop and mow | pouting | (dice game) |
a pꝛimus ſecūdus | a pꝛimus ſecundus | a primus ſecundus | a pꝛimus ſecundus | a primus secundus | at primus secundus | primus secundus | primus secundus | primus, secundus | primus, secundus | ‘come first, come second’ | |
au pied du couſteau | au pied du couſteau | au pied du couſteau | au pied du couſteau | au pied du cousteau | at mark-knife | mark-knife | hit-the-blade | shuffleboard | scrabble | toss-the-coin-near-the-knife | |
aux cleſz | au cleſz | aux cleſz | au cleſz | aux clefs | at the keyes | the keys | the keys | keys | go | keys | |
au franc du carreau | au franc du carreau | au franc du carreau | au franc du carreau | au franc du carreau | at span-counter | hop-scotch | chuck-penny | hopscotch | whist | shove-a-ha’penny | |
a par ou non | a pair ou ſou | a pair, ou non | a pair ou non | a pair ou non | at even or odd | odd or even | odds or evens | odds or evens | odds or evens | odds or evens | |
a croix ou pille | a croix ou pille | a croix, ou pile | a croix ou pile | a croix ou pile | at crosse or pile | heads or tails | heads or tails | heads or tails | heads or tails | heads or tails | |
— | — | — | au martres | aux martres | at bal and huckle-bones | huckle-bones | pebbles | huckle-bones | knuckle-bones | Normandy knucklebones | (word for knucklebones in Normandy) |
aux pīgres | au pingres | aux pingres | au pingres | aux pingres | at ivory balls | toss-pin | toss-pin | spillikins/jackstraw | spillikins | dibs | |
a la bille | a la bille | a la bille | a la bille | a la bille | at the billiards | billiards | billiards | lawn billiards | lawn billiards | croquet | |
— | au ſauatier | au ſauatier | au ſauatier | au savatier | at the bob and hit | hunt-the-slipper | slipper-boxing | hunt the slipper | hunt the slipper | hunt the slipper | |
— | au hybou | au hybou | au hybou | au hybou | at the owle | the owl | the owl | the moping owl | the moping owl | owl-bird’s cry | |
— | au doꝛelot du lieure | au dorelot du lieure | au doꝛelot du lieure | au dorelot du lievre | at the charming of the hare | coddling the hare | coddling the hare | coddling the hare | shooting the bunny | cuddle the hare | |
— | a la tirelitantaine | a la tirelitantaine | a la tirelitantaine | a la tirelitantaine | at pull yet a little | yet one tug | one more pull | tug of war | tug of war | snakes | |
— | a cochōnet va deuant | a cochonnet ua deuant | a cochonnet va deuant | a cochonnet va devant | at trudgepig | trudge-pig | skirmish | trudge-pig | piggy-in-the-middle | cast the jack to the fore | |
— | au pies | aux pies | au pies | aux pies | at the magatapies | magpies | magpies | magpies | Mick, Nick and the Maggies | hopping magpies | |
— | a la coꝛne | a la corne | a la coꝛne | a la corne | at the horne | the horn | the horn | the horn | the horn | horns, horn upon my head | |
— | au beuf viloe | au bœuf uiolé | au beuf viole | au bœuf violé | at the flower’d or shrovetide oxe | the shrove-tide ox | the Shrovetide ox | the Shrovetide ox | the Shrovetide ox | the cow and the fiddle | |
— | a la cheueche | a la cheueche | a la cheueche | a la cheveche | at the madge-owlet | the madge-owlet | the madge-owlet | the madge-owlet | two little dicky birds | screech-owls | |
— | a [inverted d]pous | ||||||||||
— | a ie te pinſe ſans rire | a ie te pinſe ſans rire | a ie te pinſe ſans rire | a je te pince sans rire | at pinch without laughing | pinch-without-laughing | pinch without laughing | hinch pinch and laugh not | keep a straight face | I tease but don’t you laugh | |
— | a picoter | a picoter | a picoter | a picoter | at prickle me tickle me | pricking | prick-pin | pinpricks | pinpricks | tickles | |
— | a dferrer laſne | a deferrer l’aſne | a deferrer laſne | a deferrer l’asne | at the unshoing of the Asse | unshoeing the ass | the unshoeing of the ass | unshoeing the ass | call my bluff | tickly, tickly your ass’s foot | |
— | a la iautru | a la iaultru | a la iautru | a la jautru | at the cocksesse | cocksess | the cocksess | sheep to market | sheep to market | ca’ the sheep | |
— | au bourry bourry zou | au bourry bourry zou | au bourry bourry zou | au bourry bourry zou | at hari hori | I spy, hie! | hide-and-seek | giddap, neddy | horsey | gee up little donkey | |
— | a ie maſſis | a ie m’aſsis | a ie maſſis | a je m’assis | at I set me down | I sit down | I sit down | I sit down | I sit down | I sit me down | |
— | a la barbe doꝛibꝰ | a la barbe d’oribus | a la barbe doꝛibus | a la barbe d’oribus | at earle beardie | gold-beard | shit-in-his-beard | gold-beard | shit-in-his-beard | gold-dust, gold-dust on your beard | |
— | a la bouſquine | a la bouſquine | a la bouſquine | a la bousquine | at the old mode | buskins | buskins | buskins | buskins | wild apples | |
— | a tire la bꝛoche | a tire la broche | a tire la bꝛoche | a tire la broche | at draw the spit | draw the spit | draw the spit | draw the spit | pin the tail on the donkey | pull out the spit | |
— | a la boutte foyꝛe | a la boutte foyre | a la boutte foyꝛe | a la boutte foyre | at put out | put out | chuck-him-out | chucker-out | chucker-out | shitty yew-twigs | |
— | a compere pꝛeſtez moy voſtre ſac | a compere preſtez moy uoſtre ſac | a compere pꝛeſtez moy voſtre ſac | a compere prestez moi vostre sac | at gossip lend me your sack | gossip, lend me your sack | uncle, lend me your sack | gossip, lend me your sack | pass the parcel | friend, lend me your sack | |
— | a la couille de belier | a la couille de belier | a la couille de belier | a la couille de belier | at the ramcod ball | ramscod ball | the ramscod ball | hamstool | it | toss me the ram’s ball | |
— | a boutte hoꝛs | a bourte hors | a boute hoꝛs | a boute hors | at thrust out the harlot | thrust out | out goes he | thrust out | out he goes | king of the castle | |
— | a figues de marſeille | a figues de Marſeille | a figues de marſeille | a figues de Marseile | at Marseil figs | Marseilles figs | Marseilles figs | Marseilles figs | cocking snooks | best figs from Marseilles | |
— | a la mouſque | a la mouſque | a la mouſque | a la mousque | at nicknamrie | at the fly | the fly | the fly | the fly | chase the fly round the rick | |
— | a larcher tru | a l’archer tru | a larcher tru | a l’archer tru | at stick and hole | bowman shot | the bowman-shot | bowman shot | darts | stop thief | |
— | — | — | a eſcoꝛcher le renard | a escorcher le renard | at boke or him, or flaying the fox | flay the fox | throw-it-up | flay the fox | throw-it-up | flay the fox | |
— | a la ramaſſe | a la ramaſſe | a la ramaſſe | a la ramasse | at the branching it | pick me up | pick-up | tobogganing | tobogganing | sledges | |
— | au croc madame | au croc Madame | au croc madame | au croc madame | at trill madam, or graple my Lady | nine-holes | nine-holes | hold the pass | hold the pass | trip her up | |
— | a vendre lauoine | a uendre l’auoyne | a vendꝛe louoine | a vendre l’avoine | at the cat selling | oat-selling | oat-selling | selling oats | selling oats | sell your oats | |
— | a ſouffler le charbon | a ſouffler le charbon | a ſouffler le charbon | a souffler le charbon | at blow the coale | blow the coal | blow the coal | blow the coal | blow the coal | blow the coal | |
— | au reſpōſailles | aux reſponſailles | au reſponſailles | aux responsailles | at the rewedding | re-wedding | marry again | hide and seek | hide and seek | all in a ring | |
— | au iuge vif, iuge moꝛt | au iuge uif, & iuge mort | au iuge vif, a iuge moꝛt | au juge vif et juge mort | at the quick and the dead judge | quick and dead judge | live judge and dead judge | quick and dead judge | — | judge alive, judge dead | |
— | a tirer les fers du four | a tirer les fers du four | a tirer les fers du four | a tirer les fers du four | at unoven the iron | unoven the iron | unoven the iron | irons out of the fire | irons out of the fire | pull the irons from the fire | |
— | au fault villain | au faulx uillain | au fault villain | au fault villain | at the false clown | the false clown | the false clown | the false clown | the crusty clown | fake villein | |
— | aux cailleteaux | aux caillleteau | aux cailleteav | aux cailletaux | at the flints, or at the nine stones | nine-stones | nine-stones | nine-stones | nine stones | quail beads | |
— | au boſſu aulican | au boſſu aulican | au boſſu aulican | au bossu aulican | at to the crutch hulch back | the hunchback courtier | the hunchback courtier | the hunchback courtier | piggy-back | the hunchbacked Doctor | |
— | a ſainct trouué | a ſainct trouué | a ſainct trouue | a sainct Trouvé | at the Sanct is found | the finding of the Saint | find your Saint | the finding of the Saint | the finding of the saint | at Saint Found-it | |
— | a pinſe moꝛille | a pinſe morille | a pinſe moꝛille | a pinse morille | at hinch, pinch and laugh not | hinch-pinch | hinch-pinch | hinch-pinch | hinch-pinch | pinch-me-tight | |
— | au poiꝛier | au poyrier | au poirier | au poirier | at the leek | pear-tree | stand-on-your-head | pear tree | pear tree | head-stands | |
— | a pimpompet | a pimpompet | a pimpompet | a pimpompet | at Bumdockdousse | Queen o’ the May | the May-Queen | bumbasting | bumbasting | rumble bum | |
— | au trioꝛi | au tryori | au trioꝛi | au triori | at the loose gig | the Breton Jig | the Breton Jig | the Breton jig | the Breton jig | skip in the ring | |
— | au cercle | au cercle | au cercle | au cercle | at the hoop | the whirligig | whirligig | barlibreak | oats and beans | the world upside down? | |
— | a la truye | a la truye | a la truye | a la truie | at the sow | the sow | the sow | the sow | the sow | put piggy into its sty | |
— | a ventre contre ventre | a uentre contre uentre | a ventre contre ventre | a ventre contre ventre | at belly to belly | belly to belly | belly-to-belly | belly to belly | belly to belly | building-tricks? | |
— | aux combes | aux combes | aux combes | aux combes | at the dales or straths | gables | the dales | cubes | cubes | short staves | |
a la vergette | a la vergette | a la uergette | a la vergette | a la vergette | at the twigs | pushpin | push-pin | pushpin | pushpin | cast-the-disk | |
au palet | au palet | au palet | au palet | au palet | at the quoits | quoits | quoits | quoits | quoits | chuck the ball | |
au iēnſuis | au ien ſuis | au i’en ſuys | au ien ſuis | au j’en suis | at I’m for that | I’m in it | pig-in-the-middle | the ball is mine | the ball is mine | snuff-the-candle | |
a foucquet | a foucquet | au foucquet | a foucquet | au foucquet | at tilt at weekie | fouquet | blow-it-out | fouquet | fouquet | nine-pins | |
aux quilles | au quilles | aux quilles | au quilles | aux quilles | at nine pins | nine-pins | nine-pins | nine-pins | nine-pins | skittles | |
au rāpeau | au rampeau | au rapeau | au rapeau | au rapeau | at tip and hurle | the return course | knock ’em out | the return course | the return course | ??? | |
a la boulle plate | a la boulle plate | a la boule plate | a la boulle plate | a la boule plate | at the flat bowls | flat bowl | flatbowl | flat bowl | skimming | bowl-on-a-green | |
au pallet | au pallet | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
— | — | au uireton | au vireton | au vireton | at the verre and tourn | whirligig | round-we-go | the dart | the dart | feather-sticks | |
— | — | — | au picquarome | au picquarome | at rogue and ruffian | pick-a-back to Rome | pick-a-back to Rome | pick-a-back to Rome | a-roaming-we-will-go | cast spikes towards Rome | |
— | — | — | a rouchemerde | a rouchemerde | at bumbatch touch | touch-clod | bumbatch-touch | chaw-turd | skipping | shitty-face | |
— | — | — | a angenart | a angenart | at the mysterious trough | sly jack | sly Jack | sly Jack | sly Jack | biassed skittles ... quoits ... angel-nard | |
a la courte boulle | a la courte boulle | a la courte boulle | a la courte boulle | a la courte boulle | at the short bowles | short bowls | short bowls | short bowls | short bowls | cast at the stump | |
a la grieſche | a la grieſche | a la grieſche | a la grieſche | a la griesche | at the daple gray | shuttlecock | shuttlecock | shuttlecock | shuttlecock | shuttlecock | (a dice game, see Gresco) |
a la recoq̄lette | a la recoq̄lette | a la recoquilette | a la recoquillette | a la recoquilette | at cock and crank it | dogs’ ears | dogs’ ears | dogs’ ears | dogs’ ears | hide-and-seek | |
au caſſepot | au caſſepot | au caſſepot | au caſſepot | au casse pot | at break-pot | smash crock | smash-the-pot | smash crock | smash the crockery | pass-round-the-pot | |
au mōtalēt | au mōtalent | a montalant | a montalant | a montalent | at my desire | my desire | my desire | my desire | my desire | as-I-will | |
a la pyꝛouete | a la pyꝛouete | a la pirouete | a la pyꝛouete | a la pyrouette | at twirlie whirlietrill | twirlywhirly | twirly-whirly | whirligig | whirligig | tops and whips | |
aux iōchees | au iōchees | aux ionchées | au ionchees | aux jonchees | at the rush bundles | rush bundles | rush-bundles | rush bundles | rush bundles | tiddlywinks | |
au court baſton | au court baſton | au court baston | au court baſton | au court baston | at the short staffe | short staff | short staff | short staff | short staff | short-straw | short staff (lit.) |
au pyꝛeuollet | au pyꝛeuollet | au pireuollet | au pyꝛeuollet | au pirevollet | at the whirling gigge | the flying dart | spin round | — | — | rackets | |
a cline muſſete | a cline muzete | a cline muſette | a cline muzete | a cline muzette | at hide and seek, or are you all hid | are you all hid? | shut-your-eyes | hodman blind | blind beggar | hide-away | |
au picquet | au picquet | au picquet | au picquet | au picquet | at the picket | spur away | spur-away | spur away | spur away | piquet | |
— | a la blancque | a la blancque | a la blancque | a la blancque | at the blank | blanks | blanks | sweepstakes | sweepstakes | open up, some pages are blank | |
— | au furon | au furon | au furon | au furon | at the pilfrers | hunt about | hunt-him-out | the ferret | the ferret | ferret it out | |
a la ſeguette | a la ſeguette | a la ſeguette | a la ſeguette | a la seguette | at the caveson | the iron mask | the iron mask | the pursuit | the pursuit | pétanque | |
au chaſtelet | au chaſtelet | au chaſtelet | au chaſtelet | au chastelet | at prison barres | pyramids | triangles | cob-nut | peanuts | cock-shy | |
a la rēgee | a la rengee | a la rengée | a la rengee | a la rengée | at have at the nuts | all in a row | all in a line | in a row | in a row | knock-down-in-a-ring | |
a la fouſſete | a la fouſſete | a la fouſſette | a la fouſſette | a la foussette | at cherrie-pit | the cherry pit | the cherry-pit | the cherry pit | the cherry pit | marbles | |
au rōflart | au romflart | au ronflart | au ronflart | au ronflart | at rub and rice | the humming-top | the humming-top | the humming-top | the humming-top | whirligigs | |
a la trōpe | a la trompe | a la trompe | a la trompe | a la trompe | at whip-top | the whip-top | the whip-top | the whip-top | the whip-top | humming-tops | |
au moyne | au moyne | au moyne | au moyne | au moine | at the casting top | the peg-top | the peg-top | the peg-top | the peg-top | monk-tops | |
au tenebꝛy | au tenebꝛy | au tenebry | au tenebꝛy | au tenebry | at the hobgoblins | the hobgoblin | the hobgoblin | the hobgoblin | the hobgoblin | tenebri | |
a leſbahy | a leſbahy | a l’esbahy | a leſbahy | a l’esbahy | at the O wonderful | scared face | scare | scarred face | scarred face | dismay-me | |
a la ſoulle | a la ſoulle | a la ſoulle | a la ſoulle | a la soulle | at the soilie smutchie | catch-ball | old hockey | pushball | pushball | hard-ball | |
a la nauette | a la nauette | a la nauette | a la nauette | a la navette | at fast and loose | fast and loose | fast and loose | fast and loose | fast and loose | to-and-fro | |
a feſſart | a feſſart | a feſſart | a feſſart | a fessart | at scutchbreech | fat-rump | fat-arse | fatass | fatarse | arse-over-tip | |
au ballay | au ballay | au ballay | au ballay | au ballay | at the broom-beesome | cock-horse | cock-horse | the cock-horse | ride a cock-horse | ride a cock-horse | |
a ſainct Coſme ie te viens adoꝛer | a ſaīct Coſme ie te viēs adoꝛer | a ſainct Coſme ie te uiens adorer | a ſainct Coſme ie te viens adoꝛer | a sainct Cosme, je te viens adorer | at St. Cosme, I come to adore thee | St. Côme, I come to worship | St. Cosmo, I come to adore you | Saint Cosma, I come to worship | saints alive | smudge the face of Saint Cosme | |
— | — | — | a eſcharbot le bꝛun | a escharbot le brun | at the lustie brown boy | the brown beetle | brown beetle | the brown beetle | the brown beetle | brown snails | |
— | — | — | a ie vous pꝛens ſans verd | a je vous prends sans verd | at I take you napping | I catch you napping | I catch you napping | I catch you napping | lions and tigers | catch him with no green in May | |
— | — | — | a bien ⁊ beau ſen va quareſme | a bien et beau s’en va quaresme | at faire and softly passeth lent | fair and gay goes Lent away | fair and softly Lent goes by | fair and gay Lent goes away | fair and gay goes Lent away | fair and fine speed Lent away | |
au cheſne foꝛchu | au cheſne foꝛchu | au cheſne forchu | au cheſne foꝛchu | au chesne forchu | at the forked oak | the forked oak | the forked oak | the forked oak | the forked oak | hand-stands | |
au cheuau fondu | au cheuau fondu | au cheuau fondu | au cheuau fondu | au chevau fondu | at trusse | leap-frog | leap-frog | leap-frog | leap-frog | leap-frog | |
a la queue au loup | a la queue au loup | a la queue au loup | a la queue au loup | a la queue au loup | at the wolfes taile | the wolf’s tail | the wolf’s tail | the wolf’s tail | what’s the time, Mr Wolf | all-in-a-line | |
a pet en gueulle | a pet en gueulle | a pet en gueuelle | a pet en gueuelle | a pet en gueuelle | at bum to busse, or nose in breech | nose in breech | nose to breech | fart-in-throat | fart-in-throat | top and tail and fart-in-the-throat | |
a guillemin baille my ma lāce | a Guillemin baille my ma lāce | a Guillemin baille my ma lance | a Guillemin baille my ma lance | a Guillemin baille my ma lance | at Geordie give me my lance | William, give me my lance | Willie, give me my lance | Billy boy, give me my lance | nuts in May | ‘I’m a piggy-back knight, give me my lance’ | |
a la bꝛādelle | a la bꝛādelle | a la brandelle | a la bꝛandelle | a la brandelle | at swaggie, waggie or shoggieshou | see-saw | see-saw | the swing | the swing | see-saws | |
au trezeau | au trezeau | au treſeau | au treſeau | au treseau | at stook and rook, shear, and threave | shocks of corn | shocks of corn | the shock of wheat | the shock of wheat | catch as catch can, the thirteenth man | |
— | au bouleau | au bouleau | au bouleau | au bouleau | at the birch | the small bowl | little bowls | the small bowl | noughts and crosses | birch-trees | |
a la mouſche | a la mouſche | a la mouſche | a la mouſche | a la mousche | at the musse | fly away, Jack | fly away, Jack | baste the bear | baste the bear | swat that fly | |
a la migne migne beuf | a la migne migne beuf | a la migne migne bœuf | a la migne migne beuf | a la migne migne bœuf | at the dillie dilie darling / at oxe moudie | tit, tat, toe, my first go | tit-tat-to | tic-tac-toe, my first go | tic-tac-toe | Dainty, dainty to the cow: Madame’s near the fire by now | |
au pꝛopous | au pꝛopous | au propos | au pꝛopous | au propous | at purporse in purporse | a propos | cut-him-short | cross questions and crooked answers | twenty questions | whisper it round | |
a neuf mains | a neuf mains | a neuf mains | a neuf mains | a neuf mains | at nine lesse | nine hands | nine hands | nine hands | nine hands | nine hands in a pile | |
au chapifou | au chapifou | au chapifol | au chapifou | au chapifou | at thwack swinge him (switched with blinde-man-buffe) | harry-racket | harry racket | harry-racket | just a minute | nut case | |
aux ponts cheuz | aux pōts cheuz | aux pontz cheuz | aux pontz cheuz | aux ponts cheuz | at the fallen bridges | the fallen bridges | the bridge is down | the fallen bridges | the fallen bridges | broken bridges | |
a colin bꝛide | a colin bꝛidé | a Colin bridé | a colin bꝛide | a colin bridé | at bridled nick | bridled Nick | bridled Nick | bridled Nick | hangman | bridled booby | |
a la grolle | a la grolle | a la grolle | a la grolle | a la grolle | at the white at buts | the bull’s eye | the bull’s-eye | bull’s-eye | bull’s-eye | hopscotch | |
au cocquātin | au cocquātin | au cocquantin | au cocquantin | au cocquantin | at the cock quintin (repositioned, was after nine pins) | battledore | battledore | battledore and shuttlecock | battledore and shuttlecock | battledore and shuttlecock | |
a collin maillard | a Collin maillard | a Colin Maillard | a Colin maillard | a colin maillard | at blinde-man-buffe (switched with thwack swinge him) | blindman’s buff | blind-man’s buff | blindman’s bluff | blindman’s bluff | blind man’s bluff | |
a myꝛelimoufle | a myꝛelimoufle | a myrelimoufle | a myꝛelimofle | a myrelimofle | at apple, peare, plum | bob-cherry | bob cherry | bob-cherry | bob-cherry | ‘where do you come from, my good chap?’ | |
a mouſchart | a mouſchart | a mouſchart | a mouſchart | a mouschart | at mumgi | — | — | spy | spy | play the spy | |
au crapault | au crapault | au crapault | au crapault | au crapault | at the toad | frogs and toads | the toad | frogs and toads | froggit | toads | |
a la croſſe | a la croſſe | a la croſſe | a la croſſe | a la crosse | at cricket | cricket | cricket | cricket | cricket | lacrosse | |
au piſton | au piſton | au piſton | au piſton | au piston | at the pounding stick | pestle and mortar | pestle and mortar | pestle and mortar | pestle and mortar | pounding-sticks | |
au bille boucquet | au bille boucquet | au bille boucquet | au bille boucquet | au bille boucquet | at jack and the box | cup and ball | cup-and-ball | cup and ball | cup and ball | billy-goat, jump the ball | |
au roynes | au roynes | aux roynes | au roynes | aux roynes | at the queens | the queens | queens | the queens | the queens | queens | |
aux meſtiers | au meſtiers | aux meſtiers | au meſtiers | aux mestiers | at the trades | the trades | trades | the trades | tinker, tailor | ‘what’s my track?’ | |
a teſte a teſte becheuel | a teſte a teſte becheuel | a teſte a teſte becheuel | a teſte a teſte becheuel | a teste à teste bechevel | at heads and points | heads and points | heads and points | heads and points | heads and points | odds or evens? | |
— | — | — | au pinot | au pinot | at the vine-tree hug | dot and go one | dot and carry one | dot and go one | dot to dot | cherry-stones | |
— | — | — | a male mort | a male mort | at black be thy fall | wicked death | foul death | wicked death | wicked death | shake, shake, thy little dead hand | |
— | — | — | aux croquinolles | aux croquinolles | at ho the distaffe | fillips | fillips | fillips | marbles | punch up the conk | |
a lauer la coiffe ma dame | a lauer la coiffe ma dame | a lauer la coiffe ma Dame | a lauer la coiffe ma dame | a laver la coiffe ma dame | at Joane Thomson | lady, I wash your cap | I wash your cap, Madam | lady, I wash your cap | lady, I wash your cap | ‘lady, lady, I’ll wash your hair’ | |
au beluſteau | au beluſteau | au beluſteau | au beluſteau | au belusteau | at the boulting cloth | the boulting cloth | the boulting-cloth | the bolting cloth | the bolting cloth | sieve us all, to and fro | |
a ſemer lauoyne | a ſemer la uoyne | a ſemer l’auoyne | a ſemer lauoyne | a semer l’avoyne | at the oats seed | oat-sowing | sowing the oats | sowing oats | wild oats | here comes the farmer to sow his oats | |
a bꝛiffault | a bꝛiffault | a briffault | a briffault | a briffault | at greedie glutton | greedy glutton | greedy-guts | the greedy glutton | greedyguts | greedy-guts | |
au molinet | au molinet | au molinet | au molinet | au molinet | at the morish dance | windmills | windmills | windmills | windmills | windmills | |
a defendo | a defendo | a defendo | a defendo | a defendo | at feebie | defendo | defendo | defendo | help! | eeny, meeny, mainy, mo | |
a la vireuouſte | a la vireuouſte | a la uireuouſte | a la vireuouſte | a la virevouste | at the whole frisk and gambole | pirouetting | pirouettes | pirouetting | pirouetting | head over heels | |
a la baculle | a la baculle | a la bacule | a la bacule | a la bacule | at battabum, or riding of the wilde mare | bascule | drawbridges | bascule | seesaw | give-him-a-bumping | |
au laboureꝛ | au laboureur | au laboureur | au laboureur | au laboureur | at Hinde the Plowman | hind the ploughman | the ploughman | hind the ploughman | hind the ploughman | ploughman, ploughman, plough the field | |
a la cheueche | a la cheueche (duplicated) | a la cheueche (duplicated) | a la cheueche (duplicated) | — | — | — | the madge-owlet | the madge-owlet | sliding | go it alone | |
aux eſcoublettes enraigees | au eſcoublettes enraigees | aux eſcoublettes enragées | au eſcoublettes enraigees | aux escoublettes enragées (repositioned, was after a la virevouste) | at the good mawkin | butting rams (repositioned in the same way as 1884) | angry broomsticks | — | the witch’s hat | scrub him like mad | |
a la beſte moꝛte | a la beſte moꝛte | a la beſte morte | a la beſte moꝛte | a la beste morte | at the dead beast | the dead beast | the dead beast | the dead beast | the dead beast | ‘carry me, carry me, like a dead beast’ | |
a mōtemōte leſchelette | a mōtemōte leſchelette | a montemonte l’eſchelette | a montemonte leſchelette | a monte monte l’eschelette | at climbe the ladder Billie | climb the ladder | climb, climb the ladder | climb the ladder | climb the ladder | up, up the ladder, hand upon hand | |
au poꝛceau mory | au pourceau moꝛy | au pourceau mory | au pourceau moꝛy | au pourceau mory | at the dying hog | the dead pig | the dead pig | the dead pig | the dead pig | piggy is dead | |
a cul ſalle | a cul ſalle | au cul ſalé | a cul ſalle | au cul-sallé | at the salt doup | the salt doup | the salt-doup | the salt rump | the salt rump | salty bums | |
au pigeōnet | au pigōnet | au pigonnet | au pigonnet | au pigeonnet | at the pretty pigeon | the pigeon has flown | the bird has flown | the pigeon has flown | the bird has flown | fly away, pigeon | |
au tiers | au tiers | au tiers | au tiers | au tiers | at barley break | barley-break | barley-break | twos and threes | twos and threes | ??? | |
a la bourree | a la bourree | a la bourrée | a la bourree | a la bourrée | at the bavine | faggots | faggots | fagots | nearly there | pass the parcel, group to group | |
au ſault du buyſſon | au ſault du buyſſō | au ſault du buyſſon | au ſault du buiſſon | au sault du buisson | at the bush leap | the bush jump | jump the bush | jump in the bush | jump in the bush | jump, jump, over the bush | |
a croyzer | a croyzer | a croyſer | a croyzer | a croyzer | at crossing | crossing | andy-pandy | crossing | crossing | cross tag | |
a la cutte cache | a la cutte cache | a la cutte cache | a la cutte cache | a la cutte cache | at bo-peep | hide and seek | highwaymen | hide and seek | no skipping | hide and seek | |
a la maille bourſe en cul | a la maille bourſe en cul | a la maille bourſe en cul | a la maille bourſe en cul | a la maille bourse en cul | at the hardit arse-pursie | coin in the tail-pocket | — | coin in the tail-pocket | which hand? | farthing, farthing, up your bum | |
au nic de la bondꝛee | au nic de la bondꝛee | au nid de la bondrée | au nid de la bondꝛee | au nid de la bondrée | at the harrowers nest | the hawk’s nest | hawk’s nest | the buzzard’s nest | I can’t go on | ‘Hidden in the buzzard’s nest. Where? Where? Where?’ | |
au paſſauant | au paſſauāt | au paſſauant | au paſſauant | au passavant | at forward hey | hark forward | forward hey | hark forward | heads or tails? | run the gauntlet | |
a la figue | a la figue | a la figue | a la figue | a la figue | at the fig | figs | figs | the fig | don’t give up | cock-a-snook | |
aux petarrades | au petarrades | aux petarrades | au petarrades | aux petarrades | at gunshot crack | gunshot crack | the salvo of farts | gunshot crack | gunshot crack | blowing raspberries | |
a pillemouſtard | a pillemoutarde | a pillemouſtarde | a pillemouſtarde | a pille moustarde | at mustard peel | mustard-pounder | mustard-pounder | mustard-pounder | mustard-pounder | pestle the mustard | |
— | a cambos | a cambos | a cambos | a cambos | at the gome | out of school | first home | out of school | truant | mind your legs | |
— | a la recheute | a la recheute | a la recheute | a la recheute | at the relapse | the relapse | the relapse | the relapse | the relapse | trip me over | |
— | au picandeau | au picandeau | au picandeau | au picandeau | at jog breech, or prick him forward | the feathered dart | feathered darts | the feathered dart | the feathered dart | darts | |
— | a crocqueteſte | a crocqueteſte | a crocqueteſte | a crocque teste | at knockpate | duck your head | duck your head | duck your head | duck your head | leap-frog | |
— | a la grolle (duplicated) | a la grolle (duplicated) | a la grolle (duplicated) | — | at the Cornish cough | — | — | the bull’s eye | bull’s-eye | crows | |
— | a la grue | a la grue | a la grue | a la grue | at the crane-dance | crane-dance | the crane-dance | the crane-dance | keep going | off the ground | |
— | a taillecoup | a taillecoup | a taillecoup | a taillecoup | at slash and cut | slash and cut | slash-and-cut | slash and cut | slash and cut | here comes the chopper | |
— | au nazardes | aux naſardes | au nazardes | aux nazardes | at bobbing, or the flirt on the nose | flirts on the nose | tweak-nose | flirts on the nose | band on the nose | tweaking noses | |
aux allouettes | au allouettes | aux allouettes | aux allouettes | aux allouettes | at the larks | larks | larks | larks | what a lark | peck his nose | |
aux chinquenaudes | au chinq̄naudes | aux chinquenaudes | au chinquenaudes | aux chinquenaudes | at flipping | filliping | flip-finger | flicks | flicks | pinch his conk |
#The list in depth
Commentators who have written about the games in the list include:
- Le Duchat, first of the critical editions in 1711L
- the 1741 edition published by Jean Frédéric Bernard includes additional notes from Le DuchatM
- Michel Psichari, 1908N
- Lazare Sainéan, 1922O[278–91]
#Card games
The first set of entries in the list are either card games or terms used in card games — sometimes both.
- flux “flush”
This has its well-known meaning as it remains today, a set of cards of the same suit. However, it is also the name of a game.N[p. 16–21]
- prime “prime”
A prime in card terms was the opposite of a flush: it was to have one card of each suit. It will be seen that it is common for Rabelais to place similar or opposite terms near to each other in lists.
It is also the name of a game usually called Primero in English, or referred to by its Italian (Primiera) or Spanish (Primera) names.
It is also worth noting that ‘flux’ is a hand that scores in Primero.
- vole (lit.) “robbery”
This is a game term meaning the same as the current term “grand slam”, that is, to win all the tricks played in a hand. The term was used in the games of l’hombre, la bête, la triomphe, and l’écarté.N[p. 26]
Urquhart gives “the beast” for this term, which was actually the name of a gambling game (called in French la bête) in which the term was used. Perhaps he was aware of this.
#Nicolaas Jarichides Wiringa’s list
As found in Alle de Geestige Werken van Mr. Francois Rabelais (p. 76) (transcription is from this site).
- Van den vloed
- “flood”, i.e. flux, from Rabelais’ list
- Van de voorsten, of derde zoeken
- Van de vlugt, of sakjagen
- Van ’t pand-rooven
- Van ’t troeven
- Van ’t piketten
- Van ten honderden uit
- Van der Haagen
- Van ’t rampen
- Van ’t schuiren
- Van ’t pas-dijsen
- i.e. passe-dix, from Rabelais’ list
- Van ten een en dertigen uit
- Van twee en twee
- Van ten driehonderden uit
- Van de verloorene
- Van de verweesene
- Van de vermorste kaart
- Van d’ onvernoegde
- Van ’t Landsknegten
- Van de Koekoek
- Van diese heeft, spreek
- Van op en af
- Van pijke, delje
- Van schoon Bely
- Van kikkermik
- Van ik denk
- Van doe dit, doe dat
- Van ka, ka, volgme na
- Van de dwerl loop of wild jagen
- Van ’t Osje
- “owl” i.e. hybou, from Rabelais’ list
- Van die wint, verliest
- Van wiege wage
- Van draije wy
- Van Amerol
- Van hijp hap
- Van wie vint, die wint
- Van dammen
- Van schaaken
- Van Reintje de vos
- Van moertje, moertje
- Van ’t Koeytje
- Van blanke bestemoer
- Van Jan springt hoger als Trijn
- Van drie Teerlingen
- Van Tafeltje rond-om
- Van knik, knak knelis
- Van ’t bikkelen
- Van houd op en houd an
- Van Tik-takken
- Van ’t Ganse berd
- Van Uille berd
- Van wie wil ’t robje vangen
- Van ’t Vrouwtje
- Van ’t spookertje
- Van ik eerst, ik andert
- Van met steekers te werpen
- Van de sleuteltjes
- Van goe-man
- Van eeven of on-eeven
- Van kruis of munt
- Van ’t Martertje
- Van vogeltje vet
- Van kloot schieten
- Van ’t Schoenlappertje
- Van den Uyl
- Van d’ hond na ’t haasje
- Van Lanterluyen
- Van Verkentje gaat voor
- Van ’t Aaxtertje
- Van den toet-hoorn
- Van Adieu
- Van de nieuwe Neepjes
- Van Ulenspiegel in de byenkorf
- Van ’t Paardje te beslaan
- Van ’t schrobbelen
- Van waar zal die man staan?
- Van Hand-slag
- Van stomme beevaard
- Van in ’t touwtje te springen
- Van ’t speetje te wenden
- Van over de steen te trekken
- Van den sak te dragen
- Van ’t rammelaartje
- Van eeven uit, even in
- Van val, vijgje, val
- Van Heerom danst in ’t hemd
- Van, wie zal ik gooije?
- Van ’t vosje villen
- Van versche ton
- Van haver verkopen
- Van doove koolen op Blasen
- Van vraag en antwoord
- Van, leeft het manneken, of ist dood
- Van d’ yzers uit den oven
- Van den Boosen boerman
- Van ’t afbossen
- Van den gebulten hoveling
- Van den gevonden heilig
- Van de Mey te planten
- Van pimpampet
- Van t hoepelen
- Van ’t pinken
- Van de Quinkert
- Van de rol
- Van hol of bol
- Van ’t Duinkerkertje
- Van Spinloo
- Van Balslaan
- Van kaatsen
- Van kolven
- Van ’t kooten
- Van knikkeren
- Van ’t keegelen
- Van ’t palet
- Van ’t rinket
- Van ’t schrik setten
- Van ’t tol setten
- Van den tol te slaan
- Van schoppen
- Van schijven
- Van trokken
- Van klossen
- Van negen kuyl
- Van kritsen
- Van Heeven
- Van ik zat en ik zat
- Van straatjen over
- Van de derden zoeken
- Van ’t molenaartje
- Van den windbol
- Van blindpot
- Van paardje sta vast
- Van steentje veerder
- Van neus in aars
- Van Frankvoort een huysje bet voort
- Van kap-monik
- Van ik visch ik visch
- Van Suiker-oompje
- Van, moet ik inje landje treden?
- Van ’t begraasen
- Van beuijtelen
- Van springen
- Van rij-schenkelen
- Van ’t hinkelen
- Van man, man ik ben opje blokhuys
- Van schuile-wink
- Van molle molle mol
- Van soute-moute
- Van ’t zooltje
- Van alle ambachten
- Van toffeltje geit
- Van strootje trekken
- Van tuimel in de peeperzak
- Van ’t knippen
#Johann Fischarts’ list
As found in Geschichtklitterung (p. 259).Transcription from this site. These are given separately to the table above, given the extensive expansion that Fischarts made to the list.
Many items are duplicated or reduplicated, and Fischarts also added many games of his own invention, paralleling Rabelais’ original.
- Der Flüssen
- i.e. flux “flush”, from Rabelais’ list
- Des Premiere
- i.e. prime, from Rabelais’ list
- Den Picarder
- i.e. la pircardie, from Rabelais’ list
- Ticke tack
- i.e. tric-trac, from Rabelais’ list
- Schachmatt
- “checkmate”, i.e. chess, from Rabelais’ list
- Lurtsch
- i.e. lourche, from Rabelais’ list
- Des Schultheissen
- Des Reißers
- “rippers”
- Des Legens
- Der 31
- i.e. trente et un, from Rabelais’ list; see Thirty One
- Marsch
- “march”
- Rümpffen
- a card game
- Trumpffen
- i.e. triomphe, from Rabelais’ list
- Rum und stich
- Auß und ein machen die Meydlin gern.
- Fickmül
- “rub-mill”, probably Nine Men’s Morris
- Hupff auff, dupff auff,
- Wintertrost
- “winter comfort”
- Dummel dich gut Birche,
- Plinden mäuß.
- Eselin beschlagen
- Hundert eins
- “hundred one”
- Gänßlin beropffen:
- Welch Kart wilt verstecken, die kan ich entdecken.
- Du der Haß, Ich der Wind
- Ich hang, ich haffte:
- In Himmel, in dHöll
- “in heaven, in hell”
- Der Wolff hat mir ein Schäflein gestolen, weil ich Käß und Brot will holn
- Trickretrac
- (again) tric-trac, from Rabelais’ list
- Vier Wachtel im Sack
- “four quails in a sack”
- Dorn außzihes.
- Der Unfur.
- Der Schantz.
- Neun und hundert
- “nine and hundred”
- Der Palirmül
- Ein und dreissig
- (again) trente et un, from Rabelais’ list; see Thirty One
- Krumme neun
- “crooked nine”
- Rausch
- “drunkenness”
- Umbschlagen
- Par mit dem Dantz:
- i.e. pair et sequence, from Rabelais’ list
- Trei Hundert:
- “three hundred”, i.e. troys cents, from Rabelais’ list
- Der Condemnade
- i.e. la condemnade, from Rabelais’ list
- Non verende
- Ich vernüg mich
- Malcontant
- i.e. malcontent, from Rabelais’ list
- Königs lösen
- Des Gauchs
- Der Rusig Schultheiß auß Morenland:
- Wer hat dich geschlagen, ist mir leid für den schaden, ich reche mein unschuld,
- Burckhart mit der Nasen, komm helff mir grasen.
- Wolauff das walts Gott nider
- In die Brenten:
- Mit wem hat man gekallt.
- Wir geben und nemmen einander.
- Nach dem won:
- Wer eins thut, thu auch das ander
- “whoever does one, also does the other”, i.e. a qui faict l’un fact l’auitre, from Rabelais’ list
- Sequentz:
- i.e. sequence, from Rabelais’ list
- Jeder hab des Mauls acht:
- Der Bonen
- Des Borers:
- Kochimbert, wer gewint verlört.
- i.e. coquimbert, qui gaigne perd, from Rabelais’ list
- Das widerle, wederle.
- Torment
- i.e. torment, from Rabelais’ list
- Den Schnarcher:
- “the snorer”, i.e. la ronfle, from Rabelais’ list
- Contemonte
- Des glucks:
- i.e. glic, from Rabelais’ list
- Wer find, der gewinnt.
- Der Muter:
- Nun fah den Ball, eh er fall
- Der beschorenen Hund,
- Des Plättlins.
- perhaps la pille, from Rabelais’ list
- Über eck ins bein,
- Der hupfelrei:
- Ballenripotei:
- Tochter laß die Rosen ligen.
- Schwartzer Dorn ist worden weiß:
- Das Pickelspil:
- Zipffelzehezupffen
- Die hüpsch als ich,
- Tölpeltrei:
- Mit Wasser grüsen:
- Jeder seh seiner Nächstin die hand.
- Der Girlande:
- Der Fastenbrüder:
- Wirt geb uns f. und p.
- Des Andres:
- Des Kolbens.
- Der Liebhell:
- Was wundert euch?
- Wa geht der Dantz hin Eselmut:
- Wem krähet der Han:
- Nadel on fadem in Hoff tragen:
- Pferdlin woll bereit.
- Cock, Code ey wil.
- Lausen oder Noppen.
- Fingerschnellen
- probably morra, from Rabelais’ list; see Morra
- Den verkaufften gabelochssen mit Wasser zahln:
- Wer kan siben Lügen
- Wer kan siben Lügen verschweigen:
- Greiff jeder seiner Nachbarin den Puls.
- Was wer dein gröst begern.
- Meiner Muter Magd macht mir mein Muß, mit meiner Muter Mäl:
- Warzu sind lang Nasen gut?
- Welches Bubenstucks rümst dich am meisten.
- Des Friden machens.
- Secht Muter der Dütten.
- Des Untreuen baurens.
- Der Alten Lüller.
- Was sagt man Neues im Bad?
- Gevattern betten
- Das Alefrentzlin greiff ans schwentzlin.
- Das zünglinspitzlin, fritzenschmitzlin:
- Das Zeißlin, Mäußlin,
- Kläußlin, kom inns häußlin, würff ein däußlin:
- Trotzenträtzlin, wie ein Lätzlin:
- Susa seußlin, flusa fleußlin.
- Zuck nit mein lib, ist ein billich sach:
- Matz werffs der Metzen zu
- Des Fuchsses:
- Des küschwantzes:
- Der Planchen:
- Der drey würffel:
- Der nickenocke:
- Des Zäumlins:
- Wisch auff:
- Wann ich mein Hörnlin plas:
- Loch zu Loch:
- Es miet mich
- Inn die Würst faren:
- Auff allen Tischen:
- Der geschrenckten Schenckel.
- Womit chenstu deim bulen?
- Was für Blumen gebt ihr mir zum krantz?
- Des grösten betrugs:
- Des Liebrhatens:
- Des Spitals der Narrn:
- O mein hertz verschwind
- Den Pronnen schöpfen.
- Auff den Berg faren:
- Eyn rusigen dib fahen:
- Der untreu under dem Mäntlin spilen:
- Was ist diß, fornen wie ein gabel, in der mitten wie ein Faß, das hinderst wie ein besem? Ku.
- Was geht auff dem kopff in bach?
- Aller heyligen Faß:
- Gott verläugnen:
- “renege God”, i.e. reniguebieu, from Rabelais’ list
- Frauenspil:
- i.e. dames, from Rabelais’ list
- Röpflins:
- i.e. au forcé, from Rabelais’ list
- Der Baboben,
- i.e. babou, from Rabelais’ list
- Primus secundus:
- i.e. primus, secundus, from Rabelais’ list
- Zu underst des messers:
- “under the knife", i.e. pied du cousteau, from Rabelais’ list
- Des Schlüssels:
- “the keys”, i.e. clefs, from Rabelais’ list
- Des freien Karrens:
- i.e. franc du carreau, from Rabelais’ list
- Grad oder ungrad:
- i.e. pair ou non, from Rabelais’ list
- Kreutz oder plättlin:
- i.e. croix ou pile, from Rabelais’ list
- Faul faudel:
- Laußknickel:
- Härlin zupffen:
- Ich fisch in meins Herren täuch:
- Des schülins:
- Heimlich seitenspil ungelacht:
- Umb den Gänstreck füren:
- Grüß dich bruder Eberhart:
- Ist Weichsel reiff.
- Steyn außgeben:
- Gickel hie, warauff gickelst.
- Martres
- i.e. martres, from Rabelais’ list
- Pingres
- i.e. pingres, from Rabelais’ list
- Eß setzt ein steyn, nimbt ein.
- Haspeln
- “wind up”
- Geb Arß, Nemm Arß.
- Ich bin König, du bist Knecht
- “I am the king, you are the servant”
- Des deitens on Reden.
- Wo schlafft des Wirts Töchterlein:
- Memminger Vokatzer beckenprot.
- Meidlein thu den Laden zu, laß den Ladennagel hangen.
- Die Floh laufft im hemd
- Schlägels:
- Des Wirts.
- Billard
- i.e. bille, from Rabelais’ list
- Hellenpart schmiden:
- Des Schupletzers
- Hibu.
- i.e. hybou, from Rabelais’ list
- Dorelot häßlin.
- i.e. dorelot du lievre, from Rabelais’ list
- Tirelitantine
- i.e. tirelitantaine, from Rabelais’ list
- Färcklin gang du vor.
- Des hörnlins:
- i.e. la corne, from Rabelais’ list
- Des weitlochs:
- Des Habern verkauffens.
- Der blinden Ku.
- Rhat der finger.
- Pick Olyet offte graef.
- Nacht oder tag.
- Vergebens machen.
- Gäulchen laß dich beschlagen
- Das eisen auß der Eß zihen.
- Den falschen bauren:
- Der heilig ist gefunden:
- Reiben, stosen, stechen, boren.
- Von Wollen auf die wellen.
- Burri burrisu
- i.e. bourry bourry zou, from Rabelais’ list
- Ich setz mich:
- “I sit down”, i.e. a ie m’aſsis, from Rabelais’ list
- Disen angel mein Frau.
- Wendeln im bret,
- Meister hemmerleins nachfahr.
- Wechsseldantz.
- Allemant damour.
- Löß mir ein frag, die ich dir sag etc.
- Der Contrafeitischen geberden.
- Das bottensäcklin, schlotterpäcklin.
- Mal das Mörlin:
- Der Sau:
- Bauch wider bauch
- Des stichgrübels:
- Huhu Eulen:
- Der Himmel hat sich umbgelegt.
- Nun geht davon
- Es laufft ein weise mauß die maur auff:
- Die Gans gaht auff den Predigstul.
- Handwercksman was gibst du darzu?
- Ochs inn den Veiolen.
- Duck dich Hänßlin duck dich.
- Alstreiffen
- Eisen abwerffen.
- Des barbedoribus.
- Bratspißwenden.
- Gevatter leihet mir euer sack.
- Esel zemmen,
- Der Widershoden.
- Der Feigen von Marsilien.
- Des Fuchsstreiffens.
- Kohlen auffblasen.
- Ein Ey, zwei halb, unnd ein halb Ey, wie viel seinds?
- Was stilstu? Thaler, Taler.
- Was seind wir? Stockfisch.
- Der krippel und Lamen,
- Das A b c. reimen.
- Zum lebendigen und toden Richter.
- Des Hogerigen Hofmans.
- Des pimpompens
- i.e. pimpompet, from Rabelais’ list
- Des körblin machens.
- Meidlin sind dir die Schuch recht.
- Kram außlegen.
- Der Abereh.
- Triori.
- i.e. au triori, from Rabelais’ list
- Des Zirckels.
- i.e. au cercle, from Rabelais’ list
- Kocherspergerdantz.
- Der Spindel.
- Wickerlin weckerlin, wilt mit mir essen, bring ein Messer.
- Ungelacht pfetz ich dich.
- Der Pickarome.
- Des Roten Rauhen Trecks.
- Des Engelarts.
- Des Rekockillechen.
- Brich den Hafen,
- Montalant.
- Das Wasserbettlen,
- Steur den hauffen,
- Des Bräutgams.
- Des kurtzen steckens.
- Pire vollet.
- Kline musettecken,
- Des grübleins.
- Deß schnauffers.
- Deß ernsten Schulmeisters.
- Der Hofämpter.
- Was schrieben ihr uns umbs bett?
- Welches Narrheit wer dir lieber?
- Deß Artzets.
- Was gibt ein groß Maul guts?
- Zur Trompe.
- Der Haber im Sack.
- Deß Mönchs.
- Tenebei.
- Das wunder,
- Naschettechen Navettechen,
- i.e. navette, from Rabelais’ list
- Fessart, Kerbart
- i.e. fessart, from Rabelais’ list
- Sanct Kosman ich rüff dich an.
- i.e. a sainct Cosme, je te veins adorer, from Rabelais’ list
- Der Braunen schröter
- Ich fang euch on ein Meyen.
- Ich fang euch, wa ich euch find:
- Wol und voll vergeht die Fasten.
- Der gabeligen eychen.
- i.e. chesne forchu, from Rabelais’ list
- Deß gegossenen Gauls.
- i.e. chevau fondu, from Rabelais’ list
- Deß Wolffschwantzes,
- i.e. la queue du loup, from Rabelais’ list
- Deß furtz inn halß.
- Willhelm lang mir den spiß.
- “Willhelm lend me the spear”, i.e. Guillemin baille my ma lance, from Rabelais’ list
- Der Brandelle.
- i.e. brandelle, from Rabelais’ list
- Deß Muckenwadels
- Mein Oechßlin, mein Oechßlin,
- A propoß.
- i.e. propous, from Rabelais’ list
- Der neun Hend,
- i.e. neuf mains, from Rabelais’ list
- Chapifon Narrene kopff,
- i.e. chapifou, from Rabelais’ list
- Der zerfallenen Brucken,
- i.e. ponts cheuz, from Rabelais’ list
- Deß gezäumten schmid Tolins,
- Der Polderigen tobenden Cantzel,
- Das Handwerck außschreien.
- Deß Teuffels Music,
- Wie vil deß krauts umb ein Heller?
- Deß Vogelküssens.
- Deß Bilgramsteurens,
- Deß Grolle Gollhammers,
- i.e. la grolle, from Rabelais’ list
- Seit ihr die braut von Schmollen, so lacht mir eins,
- Deß Kockantins,
- i.e. cocquantin, from Rabelais’ list
- Deß Mirelimuffle,
- i.e. myrelimofle, from Rabelais’ list
- Mouschart,
- i.e. mouschart, from Rabelais’ list
- Der Krotten,
- i.e. crapault, from Rabelais’ list
- Deß Bischofsstabs,
- i.e. la crosse, from Rabelais’ list
- Hämmerlin himmerlin,
- i.e. piston, from Rabelais’ list
- Bille bocket,
- i.e. bille boucquet, from Rabelais’ list
- Der Königin,
- i.e. roynes, from Rabelais’ list
- Kopf zu kopf an rechen,
- i.e. teste à teste becheval, from Rabelais’ list
- Deß Todendantzes,
- Malle mort,
- i.e. male mort, from Rabelais’ list
- Krockmolle,
- i.e. croquinolles, from Rabelais’ list
- Frau wöllen wir die Kuff wäschen,
- i.e. laver la coiffe ma dame, from Rabelais’ list
- Belusteol
- i.e. belusteau, from Rabelais’ list
- Den Habern seyen,
- Deß Deffendo,
- i.e. defendo, from Rabelais’ list
- Deß Frases,
- Virevoste,
- i.e. virevouste, from Rabelais’ list
- Deß Bacule,
- i.e. la bacule, from Rabelais’ list
- Deß Bauren,
- i.e. laboureur, from Rabelais’ list
- Die unsinnige esconblette,
- i.e. escoublettes enragées, from Rabelais’ list
- Das tod Thier,
- i.e. la beste morte, from Rabelais’ list
- Steig, steig auffs leiterlin
- “climb, climb the ladder”, i.e. monte monte l’eschelette, from Rabelais’ list
- Der Toden Sau,
- “the dead sow”, i.e. pourceau mory, from Rabelais’ list
- Deß gesaltzenen arß,
- i.e. cul-sallé, from Rabelais’ list
- Des Täublins,
- Jeder trott unnd tritt,
- Gott grüß euch schöne
- Deß Mörselstein tragens,
- Deß Venus Tempels,
- Was wünsch dir von deim bulen,
- Für den Richter,
- Deß bösen das es gut werd,
- Deß Besems,
- Spring auß dem busch.
- i.e. sault du buisson, from Rabelais’ list
- Der verborgen Kutten
- Bulgen und Seckel im Arß.
- O bohe daß Habichnest.
- Passavant, Passefort
- Der Petarrade.
- i.e. petarrades, from Rabelais’ list
- Raht wer hat dich geschlagen?
- Der Senffstempffel.
- i.e. pille moustarde, from Rabelais’ list
- Cambos.
- i.e. cambos, from Rabelais’ list
- Fürsich, hindersich,
- Raht was ist das?
- Picandeau
- i.e. picandeau, from Rabelais’ list
- Krocketeste, Hackenkopf,
- i.e. crocque teste, from Rabelais’ list
- Deß Kranchs.
- i.e. grue, from Rabelais’ list
- Taillecop.
- i.e. taillecoup, from Rabelais’ list
- Nasenkönig Nasart.
- i.e. nazardes, from Rabelais’ list
- Der Lerchen:
- “the larks”, i.e. allouettes, from Rabelais’ list
- Der Stirnschnallen.
- Der blinden würffel.
- Deß Sacks im Wasserzuber.
- Es brent, ich lesch.
- Jungfrau küssen,
- Im sack verbergen,
- Der schönsten den stein,
- Die finger krachen, die Männer wachen.
- Mein Tochter ist heurahts zeit.
- Es kombt ein Fisch, es komt ein Vöglin.
- Waich oder trockens.
- Rumpele stilt oder der Poppart.
- Den Kessel auff dem Leilach rucken,
- O sie ist hüpsch.
- Rahtet ihr, was stund im brieff?
- Umbschantz.
- Winckelrut,
- Ich rür, ich rür,
- Ich raht,
- Ribon Ribaine,
- Har auff har, katzenhar,
- Wer das nicht kan, kan nicht vil.
- Teller im Kübel abschlagen.
- Deß Sack zuckens.
- Knecht vernims.
- Fudum, die Mor ist im Kessel.
- Meidlin laß dirs wol thun,
- Loch schlagen, suppen zuhaben.
- Der Geyß hüten,
- Rucken oder schneid.
- Sie thaten all also.
- Inn Bernhards namen,
- Ich hafft ich hang.
- Rindenpfeiflin, Weidenböglin,
- Vögel außnemmen
- Im Sack ein Repphun das übrig soll mein knecht Heintz thun.
- Jeder Vogel inn sein Nest.
- Der Verzäuberin,
- Der Muttwilligen Wittfrauen.
- Hupff inn Klee.
- Meydlin was hat dir die Kunckel gethan?
- Teller von der stangen schlagen.
- Auff dem Gsäß mit gebunden Händen und füssen thurnieren, das recht ohr inn die lincke Hand, und den arm dardurch geschleifft.
- Unser Han der König, der streit ist gewonnen
- Der Hoffarben des scheidens.
- Es giengen drey Jungfrauwen
- Der Baur schickt sein Jockel auß.
- Frosch fangen,
- Deß Apts unnd seiner Brüder?
- Kluckern, schnellkugeln
- Knopff oder spitz
- Inn kauten, kautenfaul.
- Die Imen stechen.
- Auff der brucken suppere inn glorie.
- Auff tellern mit händen gähn,
- Mein Man ist ein Gauch, mein Gauch ein Man.
- Über daß kreißle
- Der Leibpredig.
- Gesellens.
- Murr murr nur nicht.
- Ritter durchs gitter,
- Das spill ich auch, ich auch, die Sau aß ein treck, ich auch.
- Poselleich
- Der mehesten augen,
- Der besten gerad.
- Pumpimperlein pump.
- Der unverständtlichen sprachen.
- Wer poppenschießt
- Die grösten Weidsprüch?
- Was für zeitung auff der Post?
- Was setzt ihr den Gästen auff?
- Deß Alters.
- Matz stampff hinein.
- Seit ihr die Meyd von Rosenthal
- Die faulen Mägd.
- Desperat
- Auff den Reutterschlag.
- Deß unverbottene kusses.
- Klopff wer da wöll.
- Hanß hau dich nicht.
- Liendel laß dir die Juppen blacken.
- Moriscendantz
- Durch den Sträl schalmeien
- Den Schuch außtretten.
- Propter S. Franciscum.
- Fünfften stein,
- Wa zu ist stro gut?
- Adam hett siben Sön.
- Widerfüren,
- Der letzt der ists.
- Jungfrauenspiel.
- Räters.
- Neunten stein,
- ‘ninth stone’, Nine Men’s Morris
- Des Verdiensts des Liebkrantzes.
- Stein verbergen.
- Schüchle bergen.
- Plöchlin machen
- Zum zwire zum zware, der Vogel ist gefangen.
- Welchs sind der Buler gröste thorheiten?
- Wie heissen des Wirts kammern?
- Was schenckst mir inn das hauß?
- Womit verdieneten ihr den krantz?
- Schachzabel. Wolffs zagel.
- Höltzin gelächter.
- Warumb hast dein liebchen lieb?
- Faul eisen
- Verbotten mein.
- Der letzt ein Schelm.
- Wie reuten die Mönch.
- Häubeln.
- Der Braut.
- Schuch pletzen.
- Schelmentrager.
- Der minsten augen.
- Zwei gleich gewints.
- Stecken stöcken,
- Nestel vom Messer blasen.
- Nussenspicken,
- Wie vil schiesest mir auff ein Nestel,
- Plöchlin stellen fällen,
- Zeichen oder unzeichen.
- Pfenning im Buch pletern,
- Tafel schiessen,
- Helmlin zihen,
- Verbergens.
- Kinder außtheilen,
- Käß trucken,
- Da sitz ich fein, da ward ich dein,
- Ich gang, ich komm, ich komm, ich gang,
- Der Träum.
- Deß beichtens,
- Deß Schulmeisters mit der langen Nasen.
- Alle bösen
- Der Sünden büß.
- Ich erinner euch,
- Ich gieng durch ein enges Gäßlin, begegnet mir ein schwartz Pfäflin, etc.
- Es wolt ein Jungfrau züchtig sein, nam ihn inn die hand und wiß ihn drein, etc.
- Ich legt mein Bauch auf sein Bauch, etc.
- Wann ich dirs nenn, und du so grosser Narr bist, und nicht weist was das ist.
- Wickerlin, weckerlein laufft übers Aeckerlein, hat mehr bein, dann meiner Hund kein.
- All zinck.
- Seß eß,
- Kuntz hinder dem Ofen.
- Zu den Hunden.
- Wer ja und Nein sagt.
- Keller und Koch, bloß ins loch.
- Haden umb die händ in vil gestalt winden.
- Grandmercy,
- Ich bleib. Ich tausch.
- Mönchsgebett,
- Wers hat der red,
- Schimmel laß dich wischen,
- Wessen ist die hand, der finger?
- Der erst herauß, der letzt drinnen,
- Das Bocken,
- Harnisch fegen.
- Fasten auff der Karten.
- Titerint tractro, stampf ins Stro.
- Wie gibst den Fincken
- Wer was weiß der sags,
- Weiß oder schwartz?
- Deß Igelstechens,
- Spitz das mündlin,
- Wer kans wissen, wie vil die Magd hat, etc.
- Den Katzenstrigel.
- Oel außschlagen,
- Pfeifft oder ich such euch nicht.
- Kapp komm auß dem Häußcken.
- Des Warnens,
- Wie erschien dir vornächten dein Bule?
- Bierenbaum schütteln.
- Küle, kühele gump nit.
- Schabab
- Trag den Knaben.
- Deß Judas.
- Da zünd er ihr den Rocken an,
- Des Weberspils.
- Hütlin, hütlin durch die bein.
- Rebecca ruck den stul.
- Leuß oder Niß,
- Wie reutst die Sau, daß sie nicht hau.
- Im Winter auß, im Sommer an,
- Den Hund heben.
- Der schleckhafften Katzen,
- Vier bein zwey bein,
- Wa lauffen die Seck selbs herauß?
- Hinden rauch, fornen kal,
- Wa thun all hüpsch Frauen hin?
- Wünsch das beiden nutzt,
- Trey wünsch auff eim stiel,
- Mein Vatter fieng ein Fisch, wie lang?
- Deß Welschen giffts.
- Warumb seufftzt ihr Nachbar?
- Was reuet dich?
- Ists Esel oder Edel?
- Inn was gestalt dir die Wandlung gefallt.
- Herbei, es ist opfferens zeit.
- Ich und mein Knecht tragen ein Harnisch feyl.
- Wirten,
- Hilteckens.
- Treimal sechs,
- Den überwurff,
- Den zwölfften stein,
- Pferdlin wol bereit.
- Ritschen.
- Pfeifft oder ich such euch nicht,
- Schulwinckel,
- Hol oder voll
- Hänlin komm auß dem winckelein.
- Das Hänlin, hänlin hat gelegt.
- Furtz im Bad, oben auß, nirgend an
- Es beißt baß,
- Der kleiner ziehet den grossen,
- Tantz oder pfeiff,
- Wa klebt der Senff.
- Iß Heues vil, so iß des meher,
- Den grindigen Gauch beropffen,
- Kätzlin mach ein hasentäplin,
- Wolff beiß mich nicht.
- Der schmach und raach,
- Der Neue Zeitung beim Bronnen.
- Des Promovirens inn der Lehr der Lieb.
- Der Heimlichkeit.
- Was krüselt sich, was mauset sich?
- Ist nahe darbei, baß auff den Esel.
- Soll ich, bin ich,
- Dem Blinden opfferen.
- Was ich wünsch, sey dein halb,
- Immen wigen.
- Ich bring dir ein Vögelin,
- Was für Blumen zieren sie wol?
#References
Rabelais, François (). Gargantua. François Juste: Lyon, France.
Rabelais, François (). La vie inestimable du grand Gargantua, pere de Pantagruel, iadis cōpoſee par L’abſtracteur de quite eſsēce. François Juste: Lyon, France.
Rabelais, François (). La Plaiſante, & Ioyeuse hiſtoyre du grand Geant Gargantua. Eſtienne Dolet: Lyon, France.
Rabelais, François (). La vie treshorrificque du grand Gargantua, pere de Pantagruel, iadis cōpoſee par M. Alcofribas abſtracteur de quinte eſſence. François Juste: Lyon, France.
Rabelais, François (). François Rabelais: tout ce qui existe de ses œuvres, edited by Louis Moland. Garnier Frères: Paris.
Urquhart, Thomas and Peter Le Motteux (, originally published 1653). The lives, heroic deeds & sayings of Gargantua & his son Pantagruel. Chatto & Windus: London.
Smith, W. F. (). Rabelais: The Five Books and Minor Writings volume 1. Alexander P. Watt: London.
Rabelais, François (). The Histories of Gargantua and Pantagruel, translated by J. M. Cohen. Penguin. ISBN: 0-14-044047-X.
Frame, Donald (). The Complete Works of François Rabelais. University of California Press: Berkeley.
Rabelais, François (). Gargantua: the most horrific life of the great Gargantua, father of Pantagruel, translated by Andrew Brown. Hersperus Press: London, England. ISBN: 1-84391-057-8.
Rabelais, François (). Gargantua and Pantagruel, translated by M. A. Screech. Penguin: London, England. ISBN: 978-0-14-193578-2.
Rabelais, François (). Oeuvres de Maitre François Rabelais, publiées sous le titre de faits et dits du géant Gargantua et de son fils Pantagruel volume 1. Henri Bordesius: Amsterdam.
Rabelais, François (). Oeuvres de maitre François Rabelais: avec des remarques historiques et critiques de Mr. Le Duchat volume 1. Jean Frédéric Bernard: Amsterdam.
Psichari, Michel (). ‘Les Jeux de Gargantua’. Revue des Études rabelaisiennes vol. 6: pages 1–37, 124–81, 317–61.
Sainéan, Lazare [Lazăr Șăineanu] (). La Langue de Rabelais volume 1: ‘Civilisation de la Renaissance’. E. de Boccard: Paris.
Gallitalo, Claudio [Nicolaas Jarichides Wieringa] (). Alle de Geestige Werken van Mr. Francois Rabelais. Jan ten Hoorn: Amsterdam.
Fischarts, Johann (, originally published 1590). Geschichtklitterung. Max Niemeyer: Halle, Germany.